Representación política del apoyo a la redistribución en América Latina

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18504/pl3365-003-2025

Palabras clave:

democracia, redistribución, capacidad de respuesta, ideología del gobierno, partidos programáticos

Resumen

Los estudios acerca de la representación de las preferencias de políticas de los ciudadanos en democracias consolidadas señalan dos fuentes de sesgo: dinero y partidismo. En América Latina, las políticas redistributivas no muestran estos sesgos. La representación de las preferencias redistributivas está moldeada por la naturaleza de los vínculos entre ciudadanos y partidos políticos. Los lazos programáticos y carismáticos deberían conducir a un mayor nivel de representación de las preferencias redistributivas de sectores medios y bajos por parte de gobiernos de izquierda y los vínculos clientelares deberían reducir esta representación independientemente de la ideología. Analizo datos de encuestas y de redistribución del ingreso en las democracias de América Latina entre 2008 y 2018. Los resultados son mixtos. Los partidos de izquierda representan las preferencias redistributivas de los votantes de ingresos bajos o medios cuando tienen lazos altamente carismáticos, en línea con las hipótesis, y poco programáticos, contra las expectativas. Los vínculos clientelares no moldean la representación de las preferencias redistributivas.

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Biografía del autor/a

Alejandra Armesto, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, sede México

Doctora en Ciencia Política por la Universidad de Notre Dame, Estados Unidos. 

Citas

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2025-02-06

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Armesto, A. (2025). Representación política del apoyo a la redistribución en América Latina. Revista Perfiles Latinoamericanos, 33(65), 45–77. https://doi.org/10.18504/pl3365-003-2025

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