The Impact of International Cooperation for the Development of Democracy and Human Rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18504/pl1733-065-2009Keywords:
international cooperation, democracy, human rights, structural reforms.Abstract
At the end of the Cold War, the developed countries agreed that democracy and human rights would be top priority goals of the international cooperation for development. However, nearly two decades after those official commitments, these goals have not been relevant elements of the international agenda, since political, economic and security issues still prevail over both values. This paper analyzes the existing situation, in reference to the U.S. and European Union experiences. The article includes some considerations for the improvement of the international cooperation ability to promote democracy and human rights in third world countries.Downloads
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References
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Bayles, Carolyn, 1995, "Political Conditionality and Democratisation", Review of African Political Economy, núm. 65, Londres, Publicaciones ROAPE.
Carothers, Thomas, 1997, "Democracy Assistance: The Question of Strategy," Democratization, vol. 4, núm. 3, Londres, Frank Cass Journal, 1997.
Clayton, 1994, Governance, Democracy and Conditionality: What role for NGO's?, Oxford, Intrac.
Crawford, Gordon, 2003, "Promoting Democracy from Without–Learning from Within, Democratization, verano, vol. 10, núm. 1, Londres, Frank Cass Journal.
Crawford, Gordon, 2001, Foreign Aid and Political Reform. A Comparative Analysis of Democracy Assistance and Political Conditionality, Londres, Palgrave, International Political Economy Series.
Crawford, Gordon, 1998, "Human Rights and Democracy in EU Development Co–operation: Towars fair and equal treatment", en Marjorie Lister (ed.), European Union Development Policy, Londres, Macmillan.
El Tiempo, 11 de enero de 2007, "Europa debe asumir liderazgo en derechos humanos por falta de credibilidad de E. U.", Bogotá.
Finkel, Steven et al., 2006, Final Report, Effects of U.S. Foreign Assistance on Democracy Building: Results of a Cross–National Quantitative Study, Pittsburg, USAID/University of Pittsburg/Vanderbilt University.
Forster, Jacques y Olav Stokke, 1999, "Coherence of Policies Towards Developing Countries: Approaching the Problematique", en Jacques Forster y Olav Stokke (eds.), Policy Coherence in Developing Cooperation, Londres, EADI, Book Series 22, Frank Cass.
Gómez Galán, Manuel y José Antonio Sanahuja, 2003, El sistema internacional de cooperación al desarrollo, Madrid, CIDEAL.
Hernández Gómez, Isabel, 2002, Sistemas internacionales de derechos humanos, Madrid, Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico de la Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Dykinson.
Hewitt, Adrian (ed.), 1994, Crisis or Transition in Foreign Aid, Londres, Overseas Development Institute.
Hoffman, J., 1988, State, Power and Democracy: Contentious Concepts in Practical Political Theory, Brighton, Wheatsheaf.
Iglesia–Caruncho, Manuel (coord.), 2003, Acabar con la pobreza. Un reto para la cooperación internacional, Madrid, IPADE/IUDC.
Lockwood, Mathew, 1999, The Perestroika of Aid. New Perspectives on Conditionality, Londres, Chistian Aid.
López Méndez, Irene, y José Ángel Sotillo, 2003, "La condicionalidad política y la ayuda al desarrollo", en Instituto Latinoamericano de Servicios Legales Alternativos (ILSA), La condicionalidad en las relaciones internacionales: ¿sirve para la protección de los derechos humanos?, Bogotá, ILSA.
Nelson, Joan M. y Stephanie Eglinton, 1992, Encouraging Democracy. What Role for Conditioned Aid?, Washington, Overseas Development Council.
Nuscheler, Franz, 1997, "Political Conditionality of Aid: Blackmail or Imperative of Universal Human Rights?, en Franz Nuscheler (ed.), Controversies on the Universality of Human Rights and the Conditionality of Aid, Institut für Entwicklung und Frieden der Report, Gerhard–Mercator–Universität, Gesamthochschule Duisburg.
OCDE, 1997, Evaluation of Programs Promoting Participatory Develoment and Good Governance, Synthesis Report, París, dac Expert Group of Aid Evaluation, OCDE.
OCDE, 1994, Development Cooperation: Efforts and Policies of the Members of Development Assistance Committee, 1992 Report, París, OCDE/DAC.
Olsen, Gorm Rye, 2000, "Promotion of Democracy as a Foreign Policy Instrument of Europe: Limits to International Idealism", Democratization, vol. 7, núm. 2, Londres, Frank Cass Journal.
Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), 2004, Objetivos de desarrollo del milenio, 2004, http://www.developmentgoals.org
Parlamento y Consejo Europeos, 2007, "Reglamento (CE) n° 1889/2006, por el que se establece un instrumento financiero para la promoción de la democracia y de los derechos humanos a escala mundial", Bruselas.
Prado Lallande, Juan Pablo, 2008, Seguridad, democracia, derechos humanos y cooperación internacional. De la guerra fría a la globalización, México, Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia.
Prado Lallande, Juan Pablo, 2006, La condicionalidad política de la cooperación al desarrollo, Madrid, Servicios Editoriales de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
PNUD, 2004, La Democracia en América Latina. Hacia una democracia de ciudadanas y ciudadanos, Buenos Aires, PNUD.
PNUD, 1994, Hacia el Cambio PNUD: Informe anual 1993, Nueva York, One United Nations Plaza.
Robinson, Mark, 1994, "Will Political Conditionality Work?", IDS Bulletin, vol. 24, Brighton.
Santiso, Carlos, 2003, "Responding to Democratic Decay and Crises of Governance: The European Union and the Convention of Cotonou", Democratization, vol. 10, núm. 3, Londres, Frank Cass.
Santiso, Carlos, 2001, "International Co–operation for Democracy and Good Governance: Moving Towards a Second Generation?", European Journal of Development Research, vol. 13, núm. 1, Londres, Frank Cass Journal.
Schmitz, Genon y David Gillies, 1992, The Challenge of Democratic Development, Sustaining Democratization in Development Societies, Ottawa, The North–South Institute.
Tegegn, Melakou, 2000, "El desarrollo y la influencia de los organismos de ayuda", en Melakou Tegegn (coord.), Desarrollo y poder, Barcelona, Intermón/Ediciones Octaedro.
Toscano, Roberto, 2001, "Mundo global, identidad de grupo. Diversidad y convivencia entre ética y política", Claves de Razón Práctica, núm. 114, julio–agosto, Madrid.
Uvin, Peter, 1993, "Do as I Say, Not as I Do. The Limits of Political Conditionality", en Sorensen (comp.), 1994, Political Conditionality, vol. 5, núm. 1, Londres, Frank Cass/EADI.
Zakaria, Fareed, 1999, "The Rise of Illiberal Democracy", Foreign Affairs, vol. 76, núm. 6.
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2009-01-01
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Prado Lallande, J. P. (2009). The Impact of International Cooperation for the Development of Democracy and Human Rights. Perfiles Latinoamericanos, 17(33), 65–93. https://doi.org/10.18504/pl1733-065-2009
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